最近有小伙伴們來私聊留小留小編關(guān)于雅思真題的問題，小編最近收集了2021歷年雅思真題及答案的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，感興趣的小伙伴們可以閱讀下面的內(nèi)容哦。雅思口語考試注意事項大家是否都了解清楚了呢，根據(jù)小編對考試一些需要注意的地方進行了總結(jié)，比如說是考試現(xiàn)場我們需要避免深奧的答案，這些考試注意的地方需要考生們多加注意哦， 同時小編下面還給大家總結(jié)了幾個評分標準哦，來看看吧。
一、2021歷年雅思真題及答案
A Peter Brigg discovers how talc from Luzenac's Trimouns in France find its way into food and agricultural products - from chewing gum to olive oil. High in the French Pyrenees, some 1,700m above sea level, lies Trimouns, a huge deposit of hydrated magnesium silicate - talc to you and me. Talc from Trimouns, and from ten other Luzenac mines across the globe, is used in the manufacture of a vast array of everyday products extending from paper, paint and plaster to cosmetics, plastics and car tyres. And of course there is always talc's best known end use: talcum powder for babies1 bottoms. But the true versat ility of this remarkable mineral is nowhere better displayed than in its sometimes surprising use in certain niche markets in the food and agriculture industries.
B Take, for example, the chewing gum business. Every year, Talc de Luzenac France - which owns and operates the Trimouns mine and is a member of the international Luzenac Group ( art of Rio Tinto minerals ) supplies about 6,000 tones of talc to chewing gum manufacturers in Europe. "We've been selling to this sector of the market since the 1960s," says Laurent Fournier, sales manager in Luzenac's Specialties business unit in Toulouse. "Admittedly, in terms of our total annual sales of talc, the amount we supply to chewing gum manufacturers is relatively small, but we see it as a valuable niche market: one where customers place a premium on securing supplies from a reliable, high quality source. Because of this, long term allegiance to a proven suppler is very much a feature of this sector of die talc market." Switching sources - in the way that you might choose to buy, say, paperclips from Supplier A rather than from Supplier B - is not an easy option for chewing gum manufacturers." Fournier says. "The cost of reformulating is high, so when customers are using a talc grade that works, even if it's expensive, they are understandably reluctant to switch."
C But how is talc actually used in the manufacture of chewing gum? Patrick Delord, an engineer with a degre e in agronomics, who has been with Luzenac for 22 years and is now senior market development manager, Agriculture and Food, in Europe, explains that chewing gums has four main components. "The most important of them is the gum base," he says. "It's the gum base that puts the chew into chewing gum. It binds all the ingredients together, creating a soft, smooth texture. To this the manufacturer then adds sweeteners, softeners and flavourings. Our talc is used as a filler in the gum base. The amount vanes between, say, ten and 35 per cent, depending on the type of gum. Fruit flavoured chewing gum, for example, is slightly acidic and would react with the calcium carbonate that the manufacturer might otherwise use as a filler. Talc, on the other hand, makes an ideal filler because it's non-reactive chemically. In the factory, talc is also used to dust the gum base pellets and to stop the chewing gum sticking during the lamination and packing process," Delord adds.
D The chewing gum business is, however, just one example of talc's use in the food sector. For the past 20 years or so, olive oil processors in Spain have been taking advantage of talc's unique characteristics to help them boost the amount of oil they extract from crushed olives According to Patrick Delord, talc is especially useful for treating what he calls "difficult" olives. After the olives are harvested - preferably early in the morning because their taste is better if they are gathered in the cool of the day they are taken to the processing plant. There they arc crushed and then stirred for 30-45 minutes. In the old days, the resulting paste was passed through an olive press but nowadays it's more common to add water and ( K-6IH ) the mixture to separate the water and oil from the solid matter The oil and water are then allowed to settle so that the olive oil layer can be ) and bottled. "Difficult" olives are those that are more reluctant than the norm to yield up their full oil content. This may be attributable to the particular species of olive, or to its water content and the time of year the olives arc collected - at the beginning and the end of the season their water content is often either too high or too low. These olives are easy to recognize because they produce a lot of extra foam during the stirring process, a consequence of an excess of a fine solid that acts as a natural emulsifier. The oil in this emulsion is lost when the water is disposed of. Not only that, if the waste water is disposed of directly into local fields - often the case in many smaller processing operations - the emulsified oil may take some time to biodegrade and so be harmful to the environment.
E "If you add between a half and two percent of talc by weight during the stirring process, it absorbs the natural emulsifier in the olives and so boosts the amount of oil you can extract," says Delord. "In addition, talc's flat, 'platey' structure helps increase the size of the oil droplets liberated during stirring, which again improves the yield. However, because talc is chemically inert, it doesn't affect the color, taste, appearance or composition of the resulting olive oil."
F If the use of talc in olive oil processing and in chewing gum is long established, new applications in the food and agriculture industries arc also constantly being sought by Luzenac. One such promising new market is fruit crop protection, being pioneered in the US. Just like people, fruit can get sunburned. In fact, in very sunny regions up to 45 per cent of a typical crop can be affected by heat stress and sunburn However, in the case of fruit, it's not so much the ultra violet rays which harm the crop as the high surface temperature that the sun's rays create.
G To combat this, farmers normally use either chemicals or spray a continuous fine canopy of mist above the fruit frees or bushes. The trouble is, this uses a lot of water - normally a precious commodity in hot, sunny areas - and it is therefore expensive. What's more, the ground can quickly become waterlogged. "So our idea was to coat the fruit with talc to protect it from the sun," says Greg Hunter, a marketing specialist who has been with Luzenac for ten years. "But to do this, several technical challenges had first to be overcome. Talc is very hydrophobic: it doesn't like water. So in order to have a viable product we needed a wettable powder - something that would go readily into suspension so that it could be sprayed onto the fruit. It also had to break the surface tension of the cutin ( the natural waxy, waterproof layer on the fruit ) and of course it had to wash off easily when the fruit was harvested. No-one's going to want an apple that's covered in talc."
H Initial trials in the state of Washington in 2003 showed that when the product was sprayed onto Granny Smith apples, it reduced their surface temperature and lowered the incidence of sunburn by up to 60 per cent. Today the new product, known as Invelop Maximum SPF, is in its second commercial year on the US market. Apple growers are the primary target although Hunter believes grape growers represent another sector with long term potential. He is also hopeful of extending sales to overseas markets such as Australia, South America and southern Europe.
Question 27-32
Use the information in the passage to match each use of tale power with correct application from A. B or C. Write the appropriate letters A-C in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.
NB you may use any letter more than once.
A. Fruit protection
B. Chewing gum business
C. Olive oil extraction
27 Talc is used to increase the size of drops.
28 Talc is applied to reduce foaming.
29 Talc is employed as a filler of base.
30 Talc is modified and prevented sunburn.
31 Talc is added to stop stickiness.
32 Talc is used to increase production.
Questions 33-38
Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using no more than two words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 33-38 on your answer sheet.
Spanish olive oil industry has been using talc in oil extraction process for about____33____years. It is useful in dealing with difficult olives which often produce high amount of____34____because of the high content of solid materials. When smaller factories release____35____, it could be____36____to the environment because it is hard to____37____and usually lakes lime as it contains emulsified oil. However, talc power added in the process is able to absorb the emulsifier oil. It improves the oil extraction production, because with aid of talc powder, size of oil____38____increased.
Question 39-40
Answer the questions below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 39-40 on your answer sheet.
39 In which process is talc used to dear the stickiness of chewing gum?
40 Which group of farmers does Invelop intend to target in a long view?
文章題目：滑石粉
篇章結(jié)構(gòu)
體裁論說文
題目滑石粉
結(jié)構(gòu)(一句話概括每段大意) A 段：滑石粉的主要用途 B 段：滑石粉在口香糖市場中的用途 C 段： 滑石粉在口香糖制作中的原理 D 段： 滑石粉在其他食品中的應(yīng)用 E 段：滑石粉在食品中的應(yīng)用原理 F 段：滑石粉在水果保護中的應(yīng)用 G 段：滑石粉對水果的保護作用原理 H 段： 水果保護作用的市場拓展
試題分析
Question 27-32
題目類型：搭配題
解題思路：可以先去定位A,B,C三個選項中內(nèi)容所對應(yīng)的文段，然后從27-32中的題干去搜尋相符合的，而不是一個一個題目去找，這樣會比較節(jié)省時間
題號定位詞文中對應(yīng)點題目解析
27 Increase，size， E 段第三句話 根據(jù)文章大意將 C 選項個橄欖油提取的內(nèi)容定位到 E 段，第三句話，提到滑石粉的結(jié)構(gòu)有助于增加揮發(fā)油滴的體積，故可以判斷 27 題與 C 相連
28 Foam D 段倒數(shù)第四句話 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到 D 段，原文中提到攪拌過程中會產(chǎn)生很多泡沫，后面提出因此要加上滑石粉來減少泡沫。
29 Base，fill C 段倒數(shù)第 8 行 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到 C 段原文 "our talc is used as a filler in the gum base"。故是關(guān)于口香糖行業(yè)的內(nèi)容，選 B
30 Sun，fruit G 段第四句話 根據(jù) sunburn 這個詞可以定位到 G 段，第四句表明滑石粉可以起到保護水果免受日曬的作用，故選 A
31 Sticking C 段比較后一句話 根據(jù) statement 中的 "stickness" 這個詞可以定位到 C 段結(jié)尾部分，原文說滑石粉可以防止口香糖在擠壓過程中與包裝粘在一起，所以跟 statement 表述的意思是一致的
32 boost，amount E 段第一句話 文章中提到可以 "boosts the amount of oil you can extract" 跟題干上表述一直
Question 33-38
題目類型：總結(jié)題
33 spanish olive oil D 段第二句話 根據(jù) spanish olive oil 定位到 D 段，文章提到橄欖油制造利用滑石粉已經(jīng)二十年。
34 High amount of 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到 D 段，原文中提到攪拌過程中會產(chǎn)生很多泡沫，后面提出因此要加上滑石粉來減少泡沫。所以填 "foam"
35 Factory D 段倒數(shù)第二句話 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到 D 段結(jié)尾，原文提到 "waste water"
36 Environment D 段比較后一句話 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到 D 段結(jié)尾，文中提到這種乳化油分解對環(huán)境的影響是 "harmful" 的
37 同上 問 harmful 的原因。原文有明確提出，是由于 "hard to biodegrade"，難以生物降解
38 Size，increase 文章說到在橄欖油提取過程中，揮發(fā)的油滴體積會增加，"increase the size of the oil droplets"
Question 39-40
題目類型：問答題
39 Stickiness，chewing gun 題目中問到在哪一個過程中滑石粉是用于來減少口香糖粘度的，這個跟上面第 31 題比較近似，可以先定位到C 段結(jié)尾，可看到文章中明確給出是 "during the lamination and packing process"
40 Invelop，long-term potential H 段倒數(shù)第二句 S 首先根據(jù) "invelop" 定位到 H 段，題目問哪個組織的種植者是 invelop 打算長期去關(guān)注投資的，倒數(shù)第二句給出答案是 "grape grower"
參考答案：
Version 24109 主題 滑石粉
27 C 28 29 B
30 A 31 32
33 20 34 foam 35 waste water
36 harmful 37 biodegrade 38 droplets
39 Lamination and packing 40 Grape growers
二、雅思口語注意事項
1.凡事盡量說好的一面
在回答問題時應(yīng)表現(xiàn)正面的態(tài)度?？忌ǔ６紤?yīng)該誠實地回答所有問題，但有一些問題，回答的時候還是應(yīng)該保持比較正面，盡量說好的一面。
2.避免深奧答案
千萬不要刻意用一些深奧或復(fù)雜的字來解釋事情。不要以為這樣可以加深考官的印象，一個簡潔明了的答案絕對比一個復(fù)雜難懂的答案好。但要指出的是，簡單的答案并不等于短答案，答案太短會使整個面試有太多的停頓，而考官也要大傷腦筋多想問題，你面臨的問題也就會更多。?
3.避免個人演講
首先，你盡可能地多說，讓考官少說，但也不要走上極端，把兩個人的交談變成一個人的演講，要注意分寸。我們每一個考生不應(yīng)期望著考官會問到我們已經(jīng)準備好的問題，但是如果幸運地遇到，千萬不要地把自己準備好的答案滔滔不絕地背誦出來，給人一種明顯背書的感覺。這是一種最危險的做法，當(dāng)他知道你在背誦事先準備好的答案，他會打斷你而改變另一個話題。而你則可能會失去這個好機會而陷入困境。
三、雅思口語評分標準
流暢性和結(jié)構(gòu)層次
這個雅思口語評分標準指的是考生能否使用正常水平的連貫性、語速，是否能夠在表達觀點和語言的使用上達到結(jié)構(gòu)層次清晰、互相關(guān)聯(lián)。
詞匯來源
這個雅思口語評分標準指的是考生使用的詞匯量的范圍、能否用這些詞匯清晰地表達意思和態(tài)度，其中包括所使用的詞匯是否多樣、是否可以運用相關(guān)技巧繞過詞匯障礙(如用不同方式表達相同的意思)。
語法的多樣性和準確性
這個雅思口語評分標準指的是考生使用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)的范圍、能否正確和恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\用這些語法結(jié)構(gòu)。在評分過程中，考生的表達的長度、復(fù)雜程度、以及語法錯誤對交流的影響等因素都在考察范圍之內(nèi)。
語音
這個雅思口語評分標準指的是考生的表達是否可為他人理解、考生能否運用語音的內(nèi)容表達意義。在評分過程中，考生在表達中造成理解障礙的次數(shù)、母語對英語表達的影響的次數(shù)都在考察范圍之內(nèi)。
四、雅思口語提高方法
雅思口語的真題的分析也可以尋找一個外教的哦，分享一下我在用的app：留小留，可以隨時和世界各地的Native Speaker進行一對一的口語對練，里面有很多專業(yè)的雅思外教可以選擇，而且還有前雅思高級考官，強烈建議考試前跟雅思考官模擬測試一下。這個軟件用起來就跟打微信語音／視頻電話一樣，質(zhì)量很清晰。這個是最讓我感到意外且性價比超級高的一個APP了。我長期練習(xí)的一個外教陪練是英國的Leila，她不僅口音純正，而且人超級nice，她本人還是一個攝影師，我也經(jīng)常跟她交流攝影方面的技巧。
大家在跟外教練習(xí)雅思口語的時候，我有2個建議：1是提前準備一個話題，帶著話題去跟他們練習(xí)能讓你學(xué)到很多地道的表達；2.是不一定非要選擇歐美的老外，像有些南非、菲律賓的也很專業(yè)，練習(xí)口語也不錯。
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